Which factors affect pesticide efficacy in controlling pests?

Pesticide efficacy is influenced by a range of factors that can significantly enhance or diminish a pesticide's ability to control pests effectively. The correct choice highlights three critical factors: environmental conditions, pest life stages, and application methods.

Environmental conditions, including temperature, humidity, and wind speed, play a vital role. For instance, certain pesticides may evaporate too quickly in high temperatures or become less effective in low humidity. Additionally, precipitation shortly after application can wash away the pesticide, reducing its efficacy.

The life stage of the pest is also crucial. Pests may be more vulnerable at certain life stages, such as in their larval or immature phases, which could make them more susceptible to particular pesticides. Conversely, adult stages may show different levels of resistance or tolerance.

Application methods can vary in how well they distribute the pesticide across the target area. Techniques like spraying or granulating have different coverage and penetration abilities, which can affect how much of the pesticide actually reaches the pests.

While other choices address various aspects, they do not encompass the comprehensive range of factors that influence pesticide effectiveness as robustly as the selected answer does. Factors such as the type of pesticide used and time of year can be relevant but do not capture the broader environmental and biological contexts as